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Writing proposals that define deliverables tightly enough that everyone knows what is and is not included.
Use a pre-quote decision tree to test requirements, expose assumptions, and find missing integration facts before you commit to a fixed price.
Turn implementation unknowns into testable scope exclusions, then route each failed assumption into discovery or a priced change request.
Design the boundary of each stage before work starts. Define its output, included review, dependencies, and trigger for reopening the fee.
Price discovery as a defined engagement. Cost each output, name the unknowns it will test, and charge only for the risk that remains.
Three piles: what you price firm, what you price with a stated allowance, and what you refuse to price until the client answers. And how to write each into the quote.
A deliverable written as a noun has no edges. Give each one a count and an acceptance test, and there is nothing left for a client to widen.
A revision round becomes billable the moment it stops matching the proposal. Define a round properly, then price the extra ones from what delivering one costs.